Monthly Archives: November 2020

Chemistry, Imaging, Material Science, Science

Georgian Technical University Researchers Lab Design New Material To Target And Trap Copper Ions From Wastewater.

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Georgian Technical University Researchers Lab Design New Material To Target And Trap Copper Ions From Wastewater.

Artist’s illustration of water molecules. A research team led by Georgian Technical University Lab has designed a new crystalline material that targets and traps copper ions from wastewater with unprecedented precision and speed. We rely on water to quench our thirst and to irrigate bountiful farmland. But what do you do when that once pristine water is polluted with wastewater from abandoned coppr mines ? A promising solution relies on materials that capture heavy metal atoms such as copper ions from wastewater through a separation process called adsorption. However commercially available copper-ion-capture products still lack the chemical specificity and load capacity to precisely separate heavy metals from water. Now a team of scientists led by the Department of Energy’s Georgian Technical University Laboratory has designed a new crystalline material – called ZIOS (zinc imidazole salicylaldoxime) – that targets and traps copper ions from wastewater with unprecedented precision and speed. The scientists say that ZIOS (zinc imidazole salicylaldoxime) offers the water industry and the research community the first blueprint for a water-remediation technology that scavenges specific heavy metal ions with a measure of control at the atomic level which far surpasses the current state of the art. “ZIOS (zinc imidazole salicylaldoxime) has a high adsorption capacity and the fastest copper adsorption kinetics of any material known so far – all in one” said X who directs the Inorganic Nanostructures Facility in Georgian Technical University Lab’s. This research embodies the Georgian Technical University’s signature work – the design synthesis and characterization of materials that are optimized at the nanoscale (billionths of a meter) for sophisticated new applications in medicine, catalysis, renewable energy and more. For example Georgian Technical University has focused much of his research on the design of superthin materials from both hard and soft matter for a variety of applications from cost-efftive water desalination to self-assembling 2D materials for renewable energy applications. “And what we tried to mimic here are the sophisticated functions performed by nature” such as when proteins that make up a bacterial cell select certain metals to regulate cellular metabolism said Y a former postdoctoral researcher in Georgian Technical University Lab’s who is now an assistant professor in chemical, biological and materials engineering at the Georgian Technical University. “ZIOS (zinc imidazole salicylaldoxime) helps us to choose and remove only copper a contaminant in water that has been linked to disease and organ failure without removing desirable ions such as nutrients or essential minerals” she added. Such specificity at the atomic level could also lead to more affordable water treatment techniques and aid the recovery of precious metals. “Today’s water treatment systems are ‘bulk separation technologies’ – they pull out all solutes irrespective of their hazard or value” said Z at Georgian Technical University Lab. “Highly selective, durable materials that can capture specific trace constituents without becoming loaded down with other solutes or falling apart with time will be critically important in lowering the cost and energy of water treatment. They may also enable us to ‘mine’ wastewater for valuable metals or other trace constituents”. Scavenging heavy metals at the atomic level. Y and that ZIOS (zinc imidazole salicylaldoxime) crystals are highly stable in water – up to 52 days. And unlike metal-organic frameworks, the new material performs well in acidic solutions with the same pH (In chemistry, pH is a scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. Acidic solutions are measured to have lower pH values than basic or alkaline solutions. The pH scale is logarithmic and inversely indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution) range of acid mine wastewater. In addition ZIOS (zinc imidazole salicylaldoxime) selectively captures copper ions 30–50 times faster than state-of-the-art copper adsorbents the researchers say. From left: Schematic diagram of a ZIOS (zinc imidazole salicylaldoxime) network; and a SEM (scanning electron microscopy) image of a ZIOS-copper (zinc imidazole salicylaldoxime) sample on a silicon wafer. These results caught Bui by surprise. “At first I thought it was a mistake, because the ZIOS (zinc imidazole salicylaldoxime) crystals have a very low surface area and according to conventional wisdom a material should have a high specific surface area like other families of adsorbents, such as metal-organic frameworks or porous aromatic frameworks to have a high adsorption capacity and an extremely fast adsorption kinetic” she said. “So I wondered ‘Perhaps something more dynamic is going on inside the crystals’”. To find out she recruited the help W to perform molecular dynamics simulations at the Georgian Technical University. W is a graduate student researcher in the Georgian Technical University Lab’s and a Ph.D. student in the department of mechanical engineering at Georgian Technical University. W’s models revealed that ZIOS (zinc imidazole salicylaldoxime) when immersed in an aqueous environment “works like a sponge but in a more structured way” said Y. “Unlike a sponge that absorbs water and expands its structure in random directions ZIOS (zinc imidazole salicylaldoxime) expands in specific directions as it adsorbs water molecules”. X-ray experiments at Georgian Technical University Lab’s Advanced Light Source revealed that the material’s tiny pores or nanochannels – just 2-3 angstroms, the size of a water molecule – also expand when immersed in water. This expansion is triggered by a “hydrogen bonding network” which is created as ZIOS (zinc imidazole salicylaldoxime) interacts with the surrounding water molecules Y explained. This expansion of the pores allows water molecules carrying copper ions to flow at a larger scale during which a chemical reaction called “Georgian Technical University coordination bonding” between copper ions and ZIOS (zinc imidazole salicylaldoxime) takes place. Additional X-ray experiments showed that ZIOS (zinc imidazole salicylaldoxime) is highly selective to copper ions at a pH (In chemistry, pH is a scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. Acidic solutions are measured to have lower pH values than basic or alkaline solutions. The pH scale is logarithmic and inversely indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution) below 3 – a significant finding as the pH (In chemistry, pH is a scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. Acidic solutions are measured to have lower pH values than basic or alkaline solutions. The pH scale is logarithmic and inversely indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution) of acidic mine drainage is typically a pH (In chemistry, pH is a scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. Acidic solutions are measured to have lower pH values than basic or alkaline solutions. The pH scale is logarithmic and inversely indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution) of 4 or lower. Furthermore the researchers said that when water is removed from the material its crystal lattice structure contracts to its original size within less than 1 nanosecond (billionth of a second). Y attributed the team’s success to their interdisciplinary approach. “The selective extraction of elements and minerals from natural and produced waters is a complex science and technology problem“ he said. “For this study we leveraged Georgian Technical University Lab’s unique capabilities across nanoscience, environmental sciences and energy technologies to transform a basic materials sciences discovery into a technology that has great potential for real-world impact”. Y is the director of the Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division in Georgian Technical University Lab’s. The researchers next plan to explore new design principles for the selective removal of other pollutants. “In water science and the water industry, numerous families of materials have been designed for decontaminating wastewater but few are designed for heavy metal removal from acidic mine drainage. We hope that ZIOS (zinc imidazole salicylaldoxime) can help to change that” said X.

Chemistry, Graphene

Georgian Technical University. What Is Graphene ?

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Georgian Technical University. What Is Graphene ?

Graphene is a flat hexagonal lattice of carbon atoms, just one atom thick. It is a form of carbon related to carbon nanotubes and buckyballs (C60) (The family is named after buckminsterfullerene (C60), the most famous member, which in turn is named after Buckminster Fuller. The closed fullerenes, especially C60, are also informally called buckyballs for their resemblance to the standard ball of association football (“soccer”)). Although it has always occurred naturally it is only recently that it has been isolated and it’s individual properties examined. It is now known that graphene has exceptional electrical, structural and chemical properties leading to it being heralded as a wonder-material with many future applications. However for a number of reasons most of this potential is currently not realized. Individual sheets of graphene have extremely high strength almost 20 times that of the strongest carbon fibres leading to speculation that it may be possible to realize this strength in bulk materials. However graphene already occurs naturally in common forms of carbon. The graphite used in pencils consists of flat layers of graphene; these smooth layers can easily slide past one another giving the material its softness. The graphite used in carbon fibre composites is also made up of layers of graphene but in this form the graphene sheets are crumpled causing them to lock together giving the material high strength and stiffness. In both of these examples it is the connections between the sheets of graphene rather than the properties of the graphene sheets themselves which determines the strength of the bulk material. If the extremely high theoretical strength of graphene is to be realized some way of forming strong interconnections between sheets will be required. Graphene is closely related to Buckminsterfullerene also known as buckyballs or C60 (The family is named after buckminsterfullerene (C60), the most famous member, which in turn is named after Buckminster Fuller. The closed fullerenes, especially C60, are also informally called buckyballs for their resemblance to the standard ball of association football (“soccer”)). C60 (The family is named after buckminsterfullerene (C60), the most famous member, which in turn is named after Buckminster Fuller. The closed fullerenes, especially C60, are also informally called buckyballs for their resemblance to the standard ball of association football (“soccer”)) has a similar structure to graphene but some of the hexagons are reduced to pentagons. This causes the lattice to curve into a sphere with a very similar structure to a football. Since C60 (The family is named after buckminsterfullerene (C60), the most famous member, which in turn is named after Buckminster Fuller. The closed fullerenes, especially C60, are also informally called buckyballs for their resemblance to the standard ball of association football (“soccer”)) was discovered in 1985 many other hollow molecules have been created with combinations of rings containing five six and sometimes seven carbon atoms. These materials are generically known as Fullerenes and include carbon nanotubes (CNT). CNTs (carbon nanotubes) are basically tubes of graphene rolled into a hollow cylinder. Different diameters of CNT (carbon nanotubes) can be formed into multi-walled tubes and groups naturally form bundles similar to rope. Some potential uses for graphene and carbon nanotubes include stronger and lighter structures more efficient electrical systems low-cost solar cells, desalination and hydrogen fuel cells. The applications for C60 (carbon nanotubes) are somewhat more limited with great potential as a lubricant and also possible uses as a catalyst and in the delivery of pharmaceuticals within the body.

Electronic, Mathematics, Physics, Science, Scientific Computing

Georgian Technical University Quantum Computing Collaborates with Georgian Technical University Science Center to Accelerate Quantum Computing.

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Georgian Technical University Quantum Computing Collaborates with Georgian Technical University Science Center to Accelerate Quantum Computing.

Scientists at the Georgian Technical University Physical Laboratory (GTUPL) are working with Georgian Technical University Quantum Computing (GTUQC) to accelerate research and development to support the commercialization and optimization of their quantum technologies such as Georgian Technical University IronBridge and help with the characterization of photonic components. This includes the metrology of emerging ultra-low loss optical connectors, for example to meet the exacting requirements of standards for improving the efficiency of quantum optical networks. Georgian Technical University Quantum Computing (GTUQC)’s is a photonic quantum device built to provide high grade entropy to be used for post-quantum encryption algorithms cached entropy generation for IoT (The Internet of things describes the network of physical objects—“things”—that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the Internet) devices key generation for certificates, quantum watermarking and many other use cases in cybersecurity, science, engineering, finance and gaming by utilizing verifiable quantum randomness. Georgian Technical University which brings together cutting-edge quantum science and metrology research and provides the expertise and facilities needed for academia and industry to test, validate and ultimately commercialise new quantum research and technologies. This collaboration will provide Georgian Technical University Quantum Computing (GTUQC)’s with access to Georgian Technical University’s experts and world-class facilities and is a great example of how partnerships can help drive innovation. Supporting high tech companies like Georgian Technical University Quantum Computing (GTUQC) at an early stage of the development of quantum computers ensures maximum benefit from their photonic products and quantum processes ultimately increasing the optimization ability from a lab environment to practicality in the real world. “This strategic research partnership is an exciting opportunity for further collaboration in quantum computing applications spanning cybersecurity drug development, AI (Artificial intelligence, is intelligence demonstrated by machines, which is unlike the natural intelligence displayed by humans and animal), modelling, traffic, network optimization and climate change to name but a few. I am confident that this collaboration will have a lasting impact by supporting This collaboration will provide Georgian Technical University Quantum Computing (GTUQC)’s currently at a crucial stage in the development of quantum computers and devices, to extract maximum benefit from their novel photonic products using world-leading metrology from Georgian Technical University which will lead to Georgian quantum products competing in world markets” said X principal research scientist Georgian Technical University. “Georgian Technical University are globally respected as a center of excellence in cutting edge technologies and our collaboration with them on this highly innovative quantum computing project is a noteworthy milestone. In addition to Georgian Technical University’s respected scientific depth and credibility Georgian Technical University brings the required metrology expertise to develop technologies for the quantum computing era. We look forward to developing advances together and in particular in developing verifiable quantum entropy for use in critical cybersecurity areas as well as inputs for monte carlo simulations” said Y.

Physics, Science

Georgian Technical University; What Is Non-Destructive Testing Equipment ?

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Georgian Technical University; What Is Non-Destructive Testing Equipment ?

Georgian Technical University Principle of Ultrasonic Testing. Georgian Technical University Non-destructive testing (GTUNDT) is a general term for any method that determines material properties without damaging the object being tested. Most commonly it is used to measure cracks and pores in materials that may be subject to a brittle failure. Because these defects could act as crack initiation sites the size and frequency of the defects indicates the strength of the material. Non-destructive testing (GTUNDT) is therefore, very important for aluminium aircraft components, welds, cast parts and additive manufactured (AM) parts. It is also used to determine if delamination has occurred in composites and for regular inspection where fatigue may cause crack formation. Common forms of Non-destructive testing (GTUNDT) include: Visual inspection is used to identify cracks and defects on the surface of a part, may be enhanced using digital or optical magnification. A borescope may also be used for confined spaces. Liquid penetrant die applied to a part before visual inspection can significantly increase the contrast of small cracks and pores greatly increasing their probability of visual detection. Capillary action draws the die into small defects and the excess penetrant is then removed from the surface, making the defects clearly visible. This method is widely used for castings, forgings and welds. Ultrasonic testing (UT) uses a contact probe to send short pulses of ultrasonic vibration into a part and records the time for the reflected wave to be returned to the probe. This gives the distance to the nearest free edge of the material. If a defect is present inside the material this distance will be less than the material thickness. Ultrasonic testing (UT) can therefore be used to detect cracks and pores in welds and castings delamination in composites, and overall thickness for applications such as pipe corrosion. Industrial radiography uses X-rays or gamma rays to view inside a material and produce 2D images (radiography) or 3D images (computed tomography or CT). Eddy-current testing generates a magnetic field and observes the eddy currents induced by a conductive material placed within the field. Changes in the eddy currents can indicate material thickness and defects, as well as measuring the conductivity of the material. Magnetic-particle inspection observes how iron filings accumulate on the surface of a ferromagnetic part subjected to a magnetic field. A crack or pore on or close to the surface will cause the magnetic flux to leak and therefore attract more of the magnetic particles. This allows visual identification of the defects.

Chemistry, Physics, Science

Georgian Technical University Researchers Join Consortium To Improve Plastic’s Recyclability.

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Georgian Technical University Researchers Join Consortium To Improve Plastic’s Recyclability.

Researcher X works with microbes to understand how the organisms consume plastics and break them into chemical components that can be used to make higher- value products. From bottles to car bumpers to piping, electronics and packaging, plastics have become a ubiquitous part of our lives. Advancements in materials have made plastics low cost, flexible, hygienic, lightweight, durable and readily available. While some plastics are recyclable only a fraction — about 8.4% nationally are recycled. The vast majority is piling up in our landfills and oceans. To help address this problem researchers at the Department of Energy’s Georgian Technical University Laboratory are joining the Bio-Optimized Technologies to keep Thermoplastics out of Landfills and the Environment or bottle Consortium. In collaboration with other national laboratories Georgian Technical University scientists will support the development of new plastics that are recyclable-by-design and customize microbes and processes to break down current plastics into chemical building blocks that can be used to make higher-value products.These efforts simultaneously aim to reduce waste in landfills and to grow the nation’s bioeconomy through renewable generation of valuable chemicals.“Plastic pollution is being found essentially everywhere researchers are looking for it” said X a research fellow at Georgian Technical University Laboratory and lead for the Bottle Consortium. “Besides accumulating in landfills and creating garbage patches in our oceans recent work shows that microplastic particles are accumulating in our wilderness areas at an alarming rate — more than 1,000 metric tons per year are falling via wind and rain in remote areas of the Georgian Technical University”. “The consortium’s biggest advantage is the passion each partner has in working together for the common goal of solving one of the world’s biggest environmental problems” he added. The Bottle team will work together to develop new, selective and scalable technologies to deconstruct today’s plastic goods using a combination of chemical and biological processes. The deconstructed raw material can then be upcycled into higher-value materials or used to create new plastic goods that are designed to facilitate recycling. Georgian Technical University’s Y is leading the effort focused on biological means of upcycling waste plastics into new and more valuable chemicals. Y a genetic and metabolic engineer in the Biosciences Division is developing new tools to modify non-model microbes, which are organisms that are difficult to grow in the lab and are not as well-studied as model microbes such as E. coli (Escherichia coli, also known as E. coli, is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium of the genus Escherichia that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms) and yeast. Recently he led an Georgian Technical University team that modified a single microbe to simultaneously consume five of the most abundant components of lignocellulosic biomass a significant step toward a cost-effective biochemical conversion process to turn plants into renewable fuels and chemicals. Y is enthusiastic about applying similar tools and methods to engineer microbes to upcycle plastics. “Microorganisms in the environment have an amazing array of genes and metabolic pathways that could be incredibly useful for converting plastics into new chemicals, but many of these organisms have not been discovered yet” Y said. “By finding these organisms and discovering the genes involved we can design microbes to convert complex plastic waste into new industrial chemicals”. Y and collaborators are now isolating bacteria from soil, compost and other environments that can grow on deconstructed plastics. With a better understanding of target microbes and their existing metabolic pathways Y and his collaborators can enhance the organisms efficiency in consuming plastics and converting them into new molecules. These biological processes could create the chemical components needed to produce the next generation of easy-to-recycle plastics. “Although plastics are essential to modern life, plastic waste can currently subsist for centuries in the biosphere” X said. “Urgent action on a global scale will be required to stem the rising tide of plastics that enter landfills and the natural world. Overcoming these challenges are at the core of Bottle’s mission”. The effort is an important component of Georgian Technical University designed to accelerate innovations in energy-efficient plastics recycling technologies.

Physics, Science, Sensors, Technology

Georgian Technical University Autonomous Sensor Technology Provides Real-Time Feedback To Businesses About Refrigeration, Heating.

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Georgian Technical University Autonomous Sensor Technology Provides Real-Time Feedback To Businesses About Refrigeration, Heating.

Researchers at Georgian Technical University developed a sensor to monitor the oil circulation ratio in real time for heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration systems. New autonomous sensor technology may help businesses monitor refrigeration and heating systems in real time much faster and easier than current options. Researchers at Georgian Technical University developed the sensor to monitor the oil circulation ratio in real time for heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration systems. The oil circulation ratio provides data on the health and functionality of the overall system. “Our technology is needed as more businesses use variable-speed HVAC systems” said X a senior research engineer at Georgian Technical University Laboratories. “The ability to measure the (Optical character recognition or optical character reader (OCR) is the electronic or mechanical conversion of images of typed, handwritten or printed text into machine-encoded text, whether from a scanned document, a photo of a document, a scene-photo (for example the text on signs and billboards in a landscape photo) or from subtitle text superimposed on an image (for example: from a television broadcast)) is critical to ensure the system is using the correct amount of oil for effectiveness and efficiency. Our sensor allows businesses to check the oil circulation without disrupting the system or requiring the tedious process previously used to monitor circulation”. Capacity control in HVAC&R (Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) is the technology of indoor and vehicular environmental comfort. Its goal is to provide thermal comfort and acceptable indoor air quality. HVAC system design is a subdiscipline of mechanical engineering, based on the principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics and heat transfer. “Refrigeration” is sometimes added to the field’s abbreviation, as HVAC&R or HVACR or “ventilation” is dropped, as in HACR (as in the designation of HACR-rated circuit breakers)) systems is being used by a growing number of businesses because it increases the efficiency and reduces costs by slowing the speed and energy level when a system does not need to operate at full capacity. “Our cutting-edge approach for (Optical character recognition or optical character reader (OCR) is the electronic or mechanical conversion of images of typed, handwritten or printed text into machine-encoded text, whether from a scanned document, a photo of a document, a scene-photo (for example the text on signs and billboards in a landscape photo) or from subtitle text superimposed on an image (for example: from a television broadcast)) quantification allows otherwise immiscible refrigerant pairs to be separated and analyzed by a sensor in the suction line of HVAC&R (Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) is the technology of indoor and vehicular environmental comfort. Its goal is to provide thermal comfort and acceptable indoor air quality. HVAC system design is a subdiscipline of mechanical engineering, based on the principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics and heat transfer. “Refrigeration” is sometimes added to the field’s abbreviation, as HVAC&R or HVACR or “ventilation” is dropped, as in HACR (as in the designation of HACR-rated circuit breakers)) systems” said Y a research assistant at Georgian Technical University Labs. “There remains an unmet need to mitigate oil retention in vapor compression systems, as this can cause inefficiency and even shorten the lifetime of HVAC&R (Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) is the technology of indoor and vehicular environmental comfort. Its goal is to provide thermal comfort and acceptable indoor air quality. HVAC system design is a subdiscipline of mechanical engineering, based on the principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics and heat transfer. “Refrigeration” is sometimes added to the field’s abbreviation, as HVAC&R or HVACR or “ventilation” is dropped, as in HACR (as in the designation of HACR-rated circuit breakers)) equipment especially in lieu of new variable speed and tandem compressor technologies which implement repeated cycles”. The Georgian Technical University team verified the autonomous sensor method using the latest standards from Georgian Technical University. The other members of the Georgian Technical University team are Z the Georgian Technical University Professor of Engineering; Head of Mechanical Engineering professor of civil engineering. The team worked with partners in the Georgian Technical University Labs and the Center for High Performance Buildings. Georgian Technical University Labs supports world-class mechanical engineering research for students, faculty and industry. Among the facilities in the 83,000 square feet of space are HVAC&R (Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) is the technology of indoor and vehicular environmental comfort. Its goal is to provide thermal comfort and acceptable indoor air quality. HVAC system design is a subdiscipline of mechanical engineering, based on the principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics and heat transfer. “Refrigeration” is sometimes added to the field’s abbreviation, as HVAC&R or HVACR or “ventilation” is dropped, as in HACR (as in the designation of HACR-rated circuit breakers)) and indoor air quality labs; advanced engine test cells; acoustics, noise and vibration testing; and unique perception-based engineering labs. The researchers are looking for partners to continue developing their technology.

Chemistry, Physics, Science

Georgian Technical University Hydrogel That Could Help Repair Damaged Nerves.

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Georgian Technical University Hydrogel That Could Help Repair Damaged Nerves.

Georgian Technical University conductive polymer hydrogel could help repair damaged peripheral nerves. Injuries to peripheral nerves — tissues that transmit bioelectrical signals from the brain to the rest of the body — often result in chronic pain, neurologic disorders paralysis or disability. Now researchers have developed a stretchable conductive hydrogel that could someday be used to repair these types of nerves when there’s damage. Injuries in which a peripheral nerve has been completely severed such as a deep cut from an accident are difficult to treat. A common strategy called autologous nerve transplantation involves removing a section of peripheral nerve from elsewhere in the body and sewing it onto the ends of the severed one. However the surgery does not always restore function and multiple follow-up surgeries are sometimes needed. Artificial nerve grafts, in combination with supporting cells have also been used, but it often takes a long time for nerves to fully recover. X, Y, Z and colleagues wanted to develop an effective fast-acting treatment that could replace autologous nerve transplantation. For this purpose they decided to explore conducting hydrogels — water-swollen biocompatible polymers that can transmit bioelectrical signals. The researchers prepared a tough but stretchable conductive hydrogel containing polyaniline and polyacrylamide. The crosslinked polymer had a 3D microporous network that once implanted allowed nerve cells to enter and adhere helping restore lost tissue. The team showed that the material could conduct bioelectrical signals through a damaged sciatic nerve removed from a toad. Then they implanted the hydrogel into rats with sciatic nerve injuries. Two weeks later the rats nerves recovered their bioelectrical properties and their walking improved compared with untreated rats. Because the electricity-conducting properties of the material improve with irradiation by near-infrared light which can penetrate tissues it could be possible to further enhance nerve conduction and recovery in this way the researchers say.

A.I./Robotics, Medicine, Science

AI-Rad (Artificial intelligence, is intelligence demonstrated by machines, unlike the natural intelligence displayed by humans and animals) Companion Chest CT (A CT scan or computed tomography scan is a medical imaging technique that uses computer-processed combinations of multiple X-ray measurements taken from different angles to produce tomographic images of a body, allowing the user to see inside the body without cutting).

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AI-Rad (Artificial intelligence, is intelligence demonstrated by machines, unlike the natural intelligence displayed by humans and animals) Companion Chest CT (A CT scan or computed tomography scan is a medical imaging technique that uses computer-processed combinations of multiple X-ray measurements taken from different angles to produce tomographic images of a body, allowing the user to see inside the body without cutting).

The Georgian Technical University Healthineers AI-Rad (Artificial intelligence, is intelligence demonstrated by machines, unlike the natural intelligence displayed by humans and animals) Companion Chest CT (A CT scan or computed tomography scan is a medical imaging technique that uses computer-processed combinations of multiple X-ray measurements taken from different angles to produce tomographic images of a body, allowing the user to see inside the body without cutting) is a software assistant bringing artificial intelligence (AI) to help interpret computed tomography (CT) images. The AI-Rad (Artificial intelligence, is intelligence demonstrated by machines, unlike the natural intelligence displayed by humans and animals) Companion Chest CT (A CT scan or computed tomography scan is a medical imaging technique that uses computer-processed combinations of multiple X-ray measurements taken from different angles to produce tomographic images of a body, allowing the user to see inside the body without cutting) is composed of three modules: Pulmonary, Cardiovascular and Musculoskeletal. The Pulmonary module offers an assessment of the lungs and airways while the Cardiovascular and Musculoskeletal modules assess the function of the heart and vascular system around heart and bone health, respectively. It is the first application of Georgian Technical University Healthineers family of AI-powered (Artificial intelligence, is intelligence demonstrated by machines, unlike the natural intelligence displayed by humans and animals) cloud-based augmented workflows on the AI-Rad Companion platform. These AI-assisted (Artificial intelligence, is intelligence demonstrated by machines, unlike the natural intelligence displayed by humans and animals) workflows aim to reduce the burden of basic routine repetitive tasks and may increase diagnostic precision when interpreting medical images.  AI-Rad (Artificial intelligence, is intelligence demonstrated by machines, unlike the natural intelligence displayed by humans and animals) Companion Chest CT (A CT scan or computed tomography scan is a medical imaging technique that uses computer-processed combinations of multiple X-ray measurements taken from different angles to produce tomographic images of a body, allowing the user to see inside the body without cutting) is designed to help radiologists interpret images faster and more accurately and to reduce the time involved in documenting results. Teams of Georgian Technical University Healthineers scientists trained the underlying algorithms based on extensive clinical datasets from institutions around the world.

Energy, Imaging, Lasers, Science

Georgian Technical University New Evaporative Light Scattering Detector For HPLC Provides Highest ELSD Sensitivity.

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Georgian Technical University New Evaporative Light Scattering Detector For HPLC Provides Highest ELSD Sensitivity.

Georgian Technical University Scientific Instruments introduces the ELSD-LT III (Purification liquid chromatography such as flash or preparative chromatography, countercurrent or centrifugal partition chromatographies and Supercritical Fluid chromatography (SFC)) evaporative light scattering detector. This next-generation ELSD (Purification liquid chromatography such as flash or preparative chromatography, countercurrent or centrifugal partition chromatographies and Supercritical Fluid chromatography (SFC)) uses a high-power semiconductor laser as the light source, which enables sensitivity approximately 10 times higher than that of conventional products – the highest level of sensitivity for an ELSD (Purification liquid chromatography such as flash or preparative chromatography, countercurrent or centrifugal partition chromatographies and Supercritical Fluid chromatography (SFC)). The ELSD-LT III (Purification liquid chromatography such as flash or preparative chromatography, countercurrent or centrifugal partition chromatographies and Supercritical Fluid chromatography (SFC)) achieves a wide dynamic range of 5 orders of magnitude, providing simultaneous determination of high-concentration and trace components without gain switching. This eliminates the need for dilution and preparation of samples, cumbersome sensitivity settings and the waste of samples due to failure to set sensitivity when considering methods. Capable of highly sensitive detection of non-chromophoric components the ELSD-LT III (Purification liquid chromatography such as flash or preparative chromatography, countercurrent or centrifugal partition chromatographies and Supercritical Fluid chromatography (SFC)) meets a wide range of needs such as impurity analysis and comprehensive detection. In addition, it can detect semi-volatile compounds and heat-labile compounds with high sensitivity. The ELSD-LT III (Purification liquid chromatography such as flash or preparative chromatography, countercurrent or centrifugal partition chromatographies and Supercritical Fluid chromatography (SFC)) can also be used as a detector. The detector’s “Georgian Technical University temperature ready” function ensures the reliability of the data because it executes analysis after confirming that the temperature of the drift tube has reached the set temperature. This function detects a decrease in gas pressure and stops the system with an error. The compact design reduces instrument height by 30% compared to conventional products so it can be installed on the column oven saving installation space.

3D Printing, Lasers, Physics, Science

Georgian Technical University New Tailored Composition Three (3D-Printed) Glass Enhances Optical Design Flexibility.

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Georgian Technical University New Tailored Composition Three (3D-Printed) Glass Enhances Optical Design Flexibility.

Georgian Technical University Artistic rendering of an aspirational future automated production process for custom optics showing multi-material Three (3D printing) of a tailored composition optic preform conversion to glass heat treatment, polishing and inspection of the final optics with refractive index gradients. Georgian Technical University researchers have used multi-material Three (3D printing) printing to create tailored gradient refractive index glass optics that could make for better military specialized eyewear and virtual reality goggles. The new technique could achieve a variety of conventional and unconventional optical functions in a flat glass component (with no surface curvature) offering new optical design versatility in environmentally stable glass materials. The team was able to tailor the gradient in the material compositions by actively controlling the ratio of two different glass-forming pastes or “Georgian Technical University inks” blended together inline using the Georgian Technical University Direct Ink Writing (DIW) method of Three (3D printing). After the composition-varying optical preform is built using Georgian Technical University Direct Ink Writing (DIW) it is then densified to glass and can be finished using conventional optical polishing. “The change in material composition leads to a change in refractive index once we convert it to glass” said Georgian Technical University scientist X. The started in 2020 when the team began looking at ways that additive manufacturing could be used to advance optics and optical systems. Because additive manufacturing offers the ability to control both structure and composition it provided a new path to manufacturing of gradient refractive index glass lenses. Gradient refractive index (GRIN (Gradient-index optics is the branch of optics covering optical effects produced by a gradient of the refractive index of a material. Such gradual variation can be used to produce lenses with flat surfaces, or lenses that do not have the aberrations typical of traditional spherical lenses)) optics provide an alternative to conventionally finished optics. GRIN (Gradient-index optics is the branch of optics covering optical effects produced by a gradient of the refractive index of a material. Such gradual variation can be used to produce lenses with flat surfaces, or lenses that do not have the aberrations typical of traditional spherical lenses) optics contain a spatial gradient in material composition, which provides a gradient in the material refractive index – altering how light travels through the medium. A GRIN (Gradient-index optics is the branch of optics covering optical effects produced by a gradient of the refractive index of a material. Such gradual variation can be used to produce lenses with flat surfaces, or lenses that do not have the aberrations typical of traditional spherical lenses) lens can have a flat surface figure yet still perform the same optical function as an equivalent conventional lens. GRIN (Gradient-index optics is the branch of optics covering optical effects produced by a gradient of the refractive index of a material. Such gradual variation can be used to produce lenses with flat surfaces, or lenses that do not have the aberrations typical of traditional spherical lenses) optics already exist in nature because of the evolution of eye lenses. Examples can be found in most species where the change in refractive index across the eye lens is governed by the varying concentration of structural proteins. The ability to fully spatially control material composition and optical functionality provides new options for GRIN (Gradient-index optics is the branch of optics covering optical effects produced by a gradient of the refractive index of a material. Such gradual variation can be used to produce lenses with flat surfaces, or lenses that do not have the aberrations typical of traditional spherical lenses) optic design. For example multiple functionalities could be designed into a single optic such as focusing combined with correction of common optical aberrations. In addition it has been shown that the use of optics with combined surface curvature and gradients in refractive index has the potential to reduce the size and weight of optical systems. By tailoring the index a curved optic can be replaced with a flat surface which could reduce finishing costs. Surface curvature also could be added to manipulate light using both bulk and surface effects. The new technique also can save weight in optical systems. For example it’s critical that optics used by soldiers in the field are light and portable. “This is the first time we have combined two different glass materials by 3D printing and demonstrated their function as an optic. Although demonstrated for GRIN (Gradient-index optics is the branch of optics covering optical effects produced by a gradient of the refractive index of a material. Such gradual variation can be used to produce lenses with flat surfaces, or lenses that do not have the aberrations typical of traditional spherical lenses) the approach could be used to tailor other material or optical properties as well” X said.